Initializable
*This is a base contract to aid in writing upgradeable contracts, or any kind of contract that will be deployed
behind a proxy. Since proxied contracts do not make use of a constructor, it's common to move constructor logic to an
external initializer function, usually called initialize
. It then becomes necessary to protect this initializer
function so it can only be called once. The initializer modifier provided by this contract will have this effect.
The initialization functions use a version number. Once a version number is used, it is consumed and cannot be
reused. This mechanism prevents re-execution of each "step" but allows the creation of new initialization steps in
case an upgrade adds a module that needs to be initialized.
For example:
[.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
contract MyToken is ERC20Upgradeable {
function initialize() initializer public {
__ERC20_init("MyToken", "MTK");
}
}
contract MyTokenV2 is MyToken, ERC20PermitUpgradeable {
function initializeV2() reinitializer(2) public {
__ERC20Permit_init("MyToken");
}
}
TIP: To avoid leaving the proxy in an uninitialized state, the initializer function should be called as early as
possible by providing the encoded function call as the _data
argument to {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
CAUTION: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke a parent initializer twice, or to ensure
that all initializers are idempotent. This is not verified automatically as constructors are by Solidity.
[CAUTION]
Avoid leaving a contract uninitialized. An uninitialized contract can be taken over by an attacker. This applies to both a proxy and its implementation contract, which may impact the proxy. To prevent the implementation contract from being used, you should invoke the {_disableInitializers} function in the constructor to automatically lock it when it is deployed: [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
/// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
constructor() {
_disableInitializers();
}
====*
State Variables
INITIALIZABLE_STORAGE
bytes32 private constant INITIALIZABLE_STORAGE = 0xf0c57e16840df040f15088dc2f81fe391c3923bec73e23a9662efc9c229c6a00;
Functions
initializer
A modifier that defines a protected initializer function that can be invoked at most once. In its scope,
onlyInitializing
functions can be used to initialize parent contracts.
Similar to reinitializer(1)
, except that in the context of a constructor an initializer
may be invoked any
number of times. This behavior in the constructor can be useful during testing and is not expected to be used in
production.
Emits an Initialized event.
modifier initializer();
reinitializer
A modifier that defines a protected reinitializer function that can be invoked at most once, and only if the
contract hasn't been initialized to a greater version before. In its scope, onlyInitializing
functions can be
used to initialize parent contracts.
A reinitializer may be used after the original initialization step. This is essential to configure modules that
are added through upgrades and that require initialization.
When version
is 1, this modifier is similar to initializer
, except that functions marked with reinitializer
cannot be nested. If one is invoked in the context of another, execution will revert.
Note that versions can jump in increments greater than 1; this implies that if multiple reinitializers coexist in
a contract, executing them in the right order is up to the developer or operator.
WARNING: Setting the version to 2**64 - 1 will prevent any future reinitialization.
Emits an Initialized event.
modifier reinitializer(uint64 version);
onlyInitializing
Modifier to protect an initialization function so that it can only be invoked by functions with the initializer and {reinitializer} modifiers, directly or indirectly.
modifier onlyInitializing();
_checkInitializing
Reverts if the contract is not in an initializing state. See onlyInitializing.
function _checkInitializing() internal view virtual;
_disableInitializers
Locks the contract, preventing any future reinitialization. This cannot be part of an initializer call. Calling this in the constructor of a contract will prevent that contract from being initialized or reinitialized to any version. It is recommended to use this to lock implementation contracts that are designed to be called through proxies. Emits an Initialized event the first time it is successfully executed.
function _disableInitializers() internal virtual;
_getInitializedVersion
Returns the highest version that has been initialized. See reinitializer.
function _getInitializedVersion() internal view returns (uint64);
_isInitializing
Returns true
if the contract is currently initializing. See onlyInitializing.
function _isInitializing() internal view returns (bool);
_initializableStorageSlot
Pointer to storage slot. Allows integrators to override it with a custom storage location. NOTE: Consider following the ERC-7201 formula to derive storage locations.
function _initializableStorageSlot() internal pure virtual returns (bytes32);
_getInitializableStorage
Returns a pointer to the storage namespace.
function _getInitializableStorage() private pure returns (InitializableStorage storage $);
Events
Initialized
Triggered when the contract has been initialized or reinitialized.
event Initialized(uint64 version);
Errors
InvalidInitialization
The contract is already initialized.
error InvalidInitialization();
NotInitializing
The contract is not initializing.
error NotInitializing();
Structs
InitializableStorage
Storage of the initializable contract. It's implemented on a custom ERC-7201 namespace to reduce the risk of storage collisions when using with upgradeable contracts.
Note: storage-location: erc7201:openzeppelin.storage.Initializable
struct InitializableStorage {
uint64 _initialized;
bool _initializing;
}